The Physics of Firearms - 1626 Words

Firearms are often featured on the news due to poor use as well as featured in popular culture’s television crime dramas, but have you stopped to ponder about where these devices came from, the different types, the trajectory patterns that are created their bullets and how they work? The following paragraphs are designed to address all of the following questions. A firearm is a complex arrangement of various metals that can eject a small lead piece at high speeds, causing maximum destruction on the target with minimum energy delivery on the shooter themselves. (Definition of a Gun, n.d.) The mechanics of shooting any type of firearm; weather it be a rifle, shotgun, or pistol, includes a wide variety of physics topics working together to make the bullet hit its target including friction, force, conservation of momentum, transfer of energy, heat engines, and projectile motion. (The Physics of Shooting a Gun, n.d.) History Of Firearms The history of firearms begins in China in the ninth century where, huo yao, the world’s first gun powder was discovered; it was created by mixing charcoal, potassium nitrate and sulphur into a fine powder. Historians are prone to recognizing tenth century Chinese fire lances, a spear-like weapon combining a bamboo tube containing huo yao and projectiles tied to a Chinese spear as the first firearm. In the year 1320, Gun powder was developed into a specific formula, 15% charcoal, 75% potassium nitrate and 10% sulphur. It was developed for theShow MoreRelated Physics of Firearms Essay620 Words   |  3 Pagesactivity and it is enjoyed by many people, so much so that it is also done at a competitive level. Although many people may have shot a firearm of some sort, few of those people actually realize how much physics is involved with the shot. So what exactly is Ballistics? Ballistics is the science or study of the motion of projectiles and in the case of most firearms, these projectiles are the bullets. There are two things that affect the flight of a bullet once it has been shot out of the gun. TheseRead More Physics of Firearms Essay1363 Words   |  6 PagesA firearm, in the most basic form, consists of a barrel, an action, a firing mechanism, a stock and a sighting device. No matter the form of the firearm, the same basic principles of physics and chemistry apply. The study of these principles is called ballistics. There are three types of ballistics, internal, external, and terminal. Internal ballistics is the study of the flight of a projectile inside a firearm. External ballistics is the study of the flight of a bullet after leaving the muzzle andRead MoreThe Field Of The Military Field1313 Words   |  6 Pagesgreat deal of discipline in order to be successful. One has to endure arguably the hardest schooling out of any major, which includes juggling years of higher level of mathematics and its applications with several rigorous scientific classes such as physics, thermodynamics, and chemistry. One has to discipline oneself especially with time management and sharpness to be able to meet the demand placed on them to graduate. Simply said, one cannot slack even slightly in the engineering field otherwise heRead MoreCryogenics Essay835 Words   |  4 PagesIn Physics, Cryogenics is the study of the Production of Very Low Temperature (Below −150  °C, −238  °F or 123 K) and the Behavior of Materials at those Temperatures. A person who studies Elements under Extremely Cold Temperature is called a Cryogenicist. Rather than the Relative Temperature Scales of Celsius and Fahrenheit, Cryogenicists use the Absolute Temperature Scales. These are Kelvin (SI units) or Rankine scale (Imperial US units). 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The inventor of the first primitive TASER was Jack Cover. Jack was born on April sixth 1920 in New York. He later moved to Chicago with his family. He attended the University of Chicago where he earned a degree in nuclear physics. He became an Air Force test pilot in world war two and afterwards he worked at NASA as an aerospace engineer and worked on the Apollo missions. He died of pneumonia at the age of 88 on February 7th 2009. Also 1960s, the United States of America facedRead MoreThe Renaissance Essay758 Words   |  4 Pagesincluded the solution of cubic equations and the innovative astronomy of Nicolaus Copernicus, Tycho Brahe, and Johannes Kepler. By the end of the 16th century, Galileo had taken the crucial step of applying mathematical models to the subject matter of physics. Geography was transformed by new empirical knowledge derived from explorations beyond Europe and from the first translations of the ancient works of Ptolemy and Strabo. In the field of technology, the invention of printing in the 15th century beganRead MoreForensic Ballistics3483 Words   |  14 PagesEnglishman convicted of murder based on the torn edge of a wad of newspaper in a pistol that matched a piece remaining in his pocket. Throughout the nineteenth century, many developments took place. Ballistics is the study of the functioning of firearms, the flight of the bullet and the effects of different types of ammunition. Ballistics in crime investigation was first formally established in 1923 when Charles Waite and Philip Garavell set up the Bureau of Forensic Ballistics (BFB). Later, Colonel

Impact of Social Networking Sites on the Youth of India Free Essays

string(33) " see their personal information\." IMPACT OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES(SNS) ON THE YOUTH OF INDIA : A BIRD’S EYE VIEW. Ruchi Sachdev College of Management Studies Kanpur (UP) India Abstract-This paper is focused to find out the answer whether the social networking sites are boon or bane for today’s society. No doubt these SNS provides employment ,marketing ,personal growth ,sharing of information but the most prevalent danger through often involves online predators or individuals. We will write a custom essay sample on Impact of Social Networking Sites on the Youth of India or any similar topic only for you Order Now These SNS has great impact on youth of India. One can easily see the entry gate of these social networking sites but it is unable to find exit for these SNS. One side these sites provide to communicate with our dear ones on the other side it creates platform for many cyber crimes. Everyone should be understood that The SNS is a â€Å"child of† computing â€Å"by computing† but† for the society â€Å". So we focused on the fact that how SNS are implementing and used in an effective manner that is also beneficial for Indian society and what are the role of Indian youth . In this paper we focused on the positive as well as negative impact of these social networking sites on the Indian youth and what are the ethical responsibilities of the users of these sites. Keywords-IEEE standards ,internet,WI-FI, elecommunication, , online ownership, online credibility. SNS(Social networking sites) are connected, both in their leisure time, and at work. There are various factors which have prompted us to consider the implications of these technologies for policy-making. One of these is the willingness of users to embrace SNS as a means of communication and social networking in everyday life. The increasing dependence on technology for basic communication also highlights the importance of analyzing how SNS are affecting daily processes. Sites like Face book, Friend ster and LinkedIn are influencing the way users establish, maintain and cultivate a range of social relationships, from close friendships to casual acquaintances. II CHARACTERISTICS OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES The basic characteristics of social networking sites can be explained with the help of following table-1 FEATURES Presentation of oneself DESCRIPTION The basic level of entry in most SNS is the setting up of a ‘profile’: a personalized page developed by the user in which he/she presents him/herself to peers, through text, photos music and videos amongst others Functionalities. SNS allow users to mobilize and organize their social contacts and profiles in the way they want other members to see them. I INTRODUCTTON Social networking phenomenon has emerged over the past ten years. In that time, social networking sites (SNS) have grown from a niche to a mass online activity, in which tens of millions of internet users are engaged, both in their leisure time, and at work. However, there has been very little research on the socio-economic impact of these sites in the Indian context. In this paper we focused on the impact of these social networking sites on the youth of India in both positive as well as negative phase. Social networking is a phenomenon which has existed since society began. Human beings have always sought to live in social environments. The proliferation of social networking sites (SNS) and their pervasion in everyday practices is affecting how modern Indian youth societies manage their social networks. To a significant extent, SNS have shifted social networking to the Internet. In less than five years, these sites have grown from a niche online activity into a phenomenon through which tens of millions of internet users Externalization of data The externalization of networks is possibly one of the first times online users have been able to view their own online social networks, and share them with friends and the general public. Some SNS also support applications which allow users to describe the relation between themselves and other members. Though notions of virtual communities have existed since the beginning of online applications, SNS support new ways for people to connect between themselves. Users of these sites may choose to communicate through various digital objects, such as tags and in-built applications within the SNS, such as the ‘visual shelf’ application in Facebook. Users may join a community of book readers, connecting through books they have liked [4]. New ways for community formation Bottom-up activities SNS provide the ideal platforms through which users with similar values and interests can come together to collaborate effectively and cheaply. For instance, doctors can share and double check rare medical cases on health SNS such as Within3, or activists can organize a protest through sites like Care2 [5]. A major attribute of SNS’ popularity is their simplicity. Anyone with basic internet skills can create and manage an online SNS presence. Prior to SNS, users gained an online presence by having a personal homepage [6]. The drawbacks were that these homepages are not easy to create and development and hosting of the site often incur costs. In contrast, SNS are free of charge and open for anyone to join. Most of them require registration, while others limit membership through an invitation from members who are already members of the site. SNS support new points of entry to the internet: people’s personal worlds. Until recently, people spoke of the internet in metaphors of places (cities, addresses, and homepages). Ease of use Figure 1: Graph 1[2] (a) Negative Impact of SNS on Youth of India Reorganization of Internet geography Table 1[5]: Taking all these characteristics together, we can observe significant changes in how users network and operate their social contacts according to different social environments. In particular, SNS seem to be influencing and shaping the way we communicate between ourselves and how we manage our social contacts. In considering the disadvantages, respondents identified a number of negative aspects of online social networking including: (i) the time-consuming nature of online social networking sites, Indian youth admitting that they waste a lot of time on these sites. (ii) Concern about access to personal information by others, with almost half of the youth worried that â€Å"non friends? may see their personal information. You read "Impact of Social Networking Sites on the Youth of India" in category "Papers" (iii) Concern that information posted may be used against them. The waste timing percentage of Indian youth on SNS can be explained with the graph shown it figure 2. III SOCIAL IMPACT OF SNS ON INDIAN YOUTH There has been significant interest and concern about the risks of online social networking because of access to personal information and the anonymity that the system allows. A number of public cases of bullying and identity theft have put this issue in the public arena. In the survey participants were asked whether they have ever had a bad social networking experience. A considerable number of respondents in a survey (28%) reported having had a negative online experience with adults aged below 30 the most likely to export this (60%). These participants were asked to provide further information about the negative experience. For most respondents the experience reflected unwanted contact or people posting in appropriate or upsetting information online. Some respondents specified having online bullying and provided examples such as abusive messages and harassment from someone of the opposite sex. The number of users using SNS according to age group can be explained with the help of the graph shown it figure 1. Figure 2: Graph 2[3] b) Other Negative Impacts Of Sns The negative effects of a new technology are never fully visible in the initial stages due the hype and excitement involved. However with time we observe the more time we spend online the more connected we get hence the urge to not miss out on anything this induces an invisible layer of stress and pressure on the individuals. The very fabric of our societies is now beginning to take a new shape. scientist has warned. Sites such as Face book, Twitter and Beb o are said to shorten attention spans, encourage instant gratification and make young people more self-centered. i) My fear is that these technologies are infantilizing the brain into the state of small children who are attracted by buzzing noises and bright lights, which have a small attention Span and who live for the moment. (ii) A 2010 Case Western Reserve School of Medicine study showed hyper-networking (more than three hours on social networks per day) and hyper texting (more than 120 text messages per day) correlated with unhealthy behaviors in teens, including drinking, smoking and sexual activity. Hyper-networking was also associated with depression, substance abuse, poor sleep patterns, suicide and poor academic performance [4]. (iii) While the above studies show actual correlations between social networking and negative consequences, others argue that many other negative consequences may exist that have not yet been studied. Some of the harmful effects people suggest social networking has that have not yet yielded conclusive study results include: can also be positives. I guess there are no hard and fast rules when it comes to the effect social networks are having on us all in this day and age. It has never been easier to make friends than it is right now, mainly thanks to social networking sites. Just a few decades ago it was pretty tough to connect with people, unless you were the overly outgoing type able to make conversation with anyone at a party. The rise of mobile phones helped change this, connecting people in a new way, but then social networks sprang up and the whole idea of friendship changed once more and forever. It’s entirely possible to have hundreds of friends on Face book. They may not be friends you know on a personal level and spend time with in the real world on a weekly basis. But they’re friends nevertheless [7]. There are several people I consider friends who I have never met – indeed, I may never meet them – but that doesn’t lessen the connection we have thanks to social networks. Other major positive impacts are given as(d) Speedy Communication: Our time is being stretched thinner and thinner by work and family commitments, but social networking sites offer a chance to communicate in a speedy and efficient manner. Writing an update (i) Social networking websites are causing alarming changes in the brains of young users, an eminent (ii) Encouraging poor grammar, usage, and spelling Allowing the spread of misinformation that may be perceived as fact even in light of evidence to the contrary. †¢ Exposing children to online predators †¢ Creating a culture in which a single mistake such as a racy picture or poorly thought-out comment can cause irreparable harm to your reputation †¢ Decreasing productivity as workers habitually check social networking sites while they should be working. Providing information that increases the risk of identity theft. (c) Positive Impact of Social Networking Sites Social networking isn’t for everyone, but it’s now such a massive part of all our lives, whether we embrace or reject the notion, that it can no longer be ignored. But are social networking sites such as Face book, Twitter, and Google+ a force for good or evil? As with most ques tions there are multiple angles to approach this quandary from. Having already looked at the negative impact of social networking sites on society, I thought it only fair to redress the balance. Every ying has its yang, after all. Using the previous article as a loose template it’s clear to see that what some people would conceive as negatives for Twitter takes all of 20 seconds and with cross-posting over other social networks switched on, that update reaches everyone you want it to reach (and probably more besides) in an instant[5] . Social networking sites allow you to live a life unhindered by small talk. e) In Touch with the world: It isn’t just your inner circle of close friends and even closer family members that social networking sites allow you to communicate with easily and effectively, either. They open the world up to you, making it a smaller place than it has ever been before. So much so that I actually haven’t a clue where many of my contacts reside. When it comes to social networks everyone is equal, regardless of location. Family living abroad can be kept abreast of the latest happenings in your world as quickly as those living next door. Friends who you haven’t seen since school, and who have since moved away, are able to keep in touch. Location-based services such as Foursquare and Gowalla emphasize your location but social networking as a whole means it has become a lot less important. Social networking sites have made the world a smaller place. (f) Building Relationships: There is no doubting that social networking sites can lead to the breaking up of relationships. But there is another side to the tale, which is that people are moving onto other, perhaps better, relationships at the same time. Social networks can put you (back) in touch with those you have lots in common with, and that common ground is often the starting point for longlasting relationships. (f) Promises of Ownership and Authorship Online. (g) Maintain Credibility. So the youth of Indian can play an important role to reduce the negative impact of social networking sites sucha that it can be used in the beneficial way. V CONCLUSION IV ETHICAL RESPONSIBILITY OF YOUTH USING SNS The new digital social networking media are a frontier that is rich with opportunities and risks, particularly for young people. Through SNS technologies, young people are participating in a range of activities, including social networking, blogging, vlogging, gaming, instant messaging, downloading music and other content, uploading and sharing their own creations, and collaborating with others in various ways. Five key issues are at stake in the new social networking media identity, privacy, ownership and authorship, credibility, and participation [8]. These issues decide the social and ethical responsibilities of the youth that using the services of social networking sites. a) Every person that using the SNS should be aware about their rights and moral responsibilities. (b) We should respect the authentication and privacy of those members that are using SNS. (c ) We should follow the ethics of online identity. (d) Create culture of disclosure. (e) Online, a number of strategies—including privacy settings, selective disclosure, code switching, and deception are used by youth to control the presentation of their identities and thereby manage their privacy. Most social networking sites have privacy settings that allow users o limit access to their profiles to a narrow audience of confirmed friends, and evidence suggests that many young people use them. (e) The online culture of disclosure holds important promises for young people, including empowerment of themselves and others, the creation of communities of support around shared struggles, and the development of a broad ethical sense of responsibility with respect to privacy. No doubt that SNS has great impact on the Indian youth it has lot of challenges which we have to face . There are many questions arise when we think about the impact of these SNS that What does it mean to manage online privacy in an ethical manner? How do online spaces facilitate and undermine ethical thinking about privacy? How much personal information is reasonable to share online? Young people who share personal experiences online taking steps to protect their own and others’ identities, and are these steps sufficient? Is it reasonable for young people to expect a certain measure of privacy when it comes to their online lives? Who is at fault when an unintended audience can read a young person’s revealing blog or MySpace page? So we should focus on the ethical use of these SNS so that it serves our society in a right way and the youth can play an important role because SNS is a boob and curse both for the Indian society . In one hand it provides away to connect our dear ones on the other side it gives a platform that become danger for Indian heritage and culture. REFERENCES [1] Introduction to SNS technology, Retrieved on September 24, 2006 From www. wi-fitechnology. om [2] Consumer Reports (2010). Social insecurity: What millions of online users don’t know can hurt them. Retrieved from http://www. consumerreports. org/cro/magazinearchive/2010/june/elec tronics-computers/social-insecurity/overview/index. htm [3] Nie, N. H. Hillygus, D. S. (2002). The impact of internet use on sociability: Time-diary findings. IT Society, 1, 1 – 20. [4] IEEE 802. 16 and WiMAX: Social networking sites Access for Everyone, Intel Corporation, 2003. http://www. intel. com/ebusiness/pdf/SNS/intel/80216_wimax. df [5] The Role of Technology in Telecom Expansion in India†, IEEE Communication Magazine, Vol. 36, No. 11, pp 88-94, November, 1998. [6] Bender off, E. 2007. â€Å"Cheating a Real Problem in youth’s Virtual World. † Chicago Tribune. Retrieved February 1, 2008, from http://www. chicagotribun e. com/business/chi-0703080167mar08,0, 4256114story? cull=chi-bizfont-hed. [7] Of com. (2008). Social networking: A quantitative and qualitative research report into attitudes, behaviors and use. Retrieved from http://stakeholders. ofcom. org. uk/binaries/research/medialiteracy/report1. pdf How to cite Impact of Social Networking Sites on the Youth of India, Papers

Economic Activities Gross Domestic Product

Question: Discuss about the Economic Activities for Gross Domestic Product. Answer: Introduction Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the market value of every economic activities of a country. Non-market services as well as the attributed rents are measured by the GDP. However, it does not include voluntary activities such as the unpaid housework. In the year 2015, GDP in Japan was worth 4124 billion US dollars. In Japan the value of GDP represents 7 percent of the total economy. As per the records, the real GDP in the first quarter of 2016 was 0.5 percent quarter on quarter. It was somewhat faster than the approximate of 0.4 percent in the first preliminary approximate. The first preliminary approximate was published in the month of May (Lockwood, 2015). In the year 2012, the industry sector contributed 27.5 percent of the GDP in Japan. The major industries in Japan are motor vehicles, machine tools, ships, textiles, electronic equipment, steel and processed foods. The automobile industry in Japan produces the second largest amount of vehicles in the world after China. Although, China produces the largest amount of vehicles, Japan remains technologically advanced automobile industry in the world. In the world, Japan is home to six of the top twenty major vehicle companies. In the year 2009, the automobile industry managed to record an enormous 10.5 percent growth in spite of the worldwide financial crisis (Wilks Wright, 2016). Economic System Japan has developed worldwide free market economy. Free market economy is very competitive. In such economy system, business organizations competes with each other in order to gain profit. In the year 2012, the economy in Japan was the third largest in the world. In the late 19th century, Japan was the only economy to be industrialized alongside the Western counterparts. However, as compared to other advanced countries, the sluggishness of the economy of Japan is prominent (Gilpin, 2016). The economy of Japan has been suffering from low levels of GDP as well as the falling in the price levels. Aging population is considered as one of the major factors that caused deflation in Japan. Weak demand is also considered as one of the major factor for long-term deflation. The probable growth ability of the economy of Japan faces a higher obstacle in population ageing and declining rate of birth (Knox et al., 2014). However, Japan has made some structural reform in all the areas of the economy. The coordination of the economic decision includes giving main concern to networking in order to enhance a system of cooperation. This will help the elderly people and the youth to grow together in pursuit of a country with less inequality related economic distortion. This will in turn lead to growth, as the skilled human resources will be nurtured. Japan will require expanding the international flow of people, commodities and information in order to continue the self-motivated growth (Sugimoto, 2014). The economic questions that can be addressed in the case of Japan are as follows: 1. Why the economy of Japan has lost its strength? 2. Why deflation has continued for a longer period in Japan? The first question has been addressed because Japan has witnessed a huge loss in productivity. The main reason for the decrease in productivity is the aging of the population. The aging of population led to the decrease in both the level of investment and consumption. The second question has been addressed because the economy of Japan is suffering from the prolonged deflation. The greatest cause of the deflation is lack in demand. Deflation has also lowered the nominal GDP, thereby increasing the debt ratio and intimidating the fiscal sustainability (Nishizaki et al. 2014). In the first quarter of 2016, the economy of Japan grew at an annualized rate of 1.7 percent. As a result, the economy has been able to avoid technical recession due to the increase in GDP. The anticipated rate of growth suggested that the economy of Japan had managed to shake off the consequences of a slowdown in China. In order to overcome the effects of the aging population, it is very important to increase the participation of labor force. Japan should make the most of the human resources to increase productivity. This is mainly because the working-age population is expected to fall by the year 2050. Educational reforms are very important to increase the productivity in Japan. This will help to improve the tax and the social security systems (Cummings, 2014). Income Equality / Inequality Japan has one of the largest degrees of income equality as compared to any other industrialized countries on the world. The relative identical distribution of income in Japan has been accredited to a number of factors. The factors include the low rates of rural poverty that is caused by land reform as well as industrial decentralization (Lise et al. 2014). However, due to some recent changes there has been unequal distribution of income in Japan. As recorded, the wealth in Japan as well as the income that it produces is much less evenly distributed than the total income. The appreciation in the stock market and the prices of the property in Tokyo led to the degree of inequality in income and wealth in Japan. The exclusion of the capital profits from reported income and the imperfect coverage of the population are the major determinants that led to the unequal distribution of income. The consciousness of rising income gap is increasing in Japan as it is turning into a society of discrepancy (Wang Kutan, 2013). The increasing inequality in income had commenced since 1980s. It shows that since 1980s there has been an increase in the Gini Coefficient that is considered as a measure of income inequality. The Lorenz Curve mainly defines the Gini Coefficient. Figure: Lorenz Curve (Source: Created By Author) If the area between the line of Lorenz Curve and perfect distribution is A and the surface below the Lorenz Curve is B, in that case the Gini Coefficient is A / A+B. The increase in the Gini Coefficient showed that Japan is no longer an equal society. As per the reports, the income inequality in Japan had exceeded the income inequality in U.S. The result has been found with the help of Gini Coefficient that analyzed the total household instead of a specific age group (Oshio Urakawa, 2014). The major causes for the increase in the inequality in income and wealth are the changes in the earnings, the structure of households as well as taxes and social protection in Japan. The aging of the population is also considered as one of the major cause for the increasing inequality. In addition, globalizations as well as changes in technology are also taken into consideration (Yitzhaki Schechtman, 2013). The aging of population became the chief reason for the increasing inequality in Japan. It contributed to 24 percent of the increasing inequality in Japan. The increase in inequality was largely common within the age group of fifty-five to sixty-four. According to a survey conducted by the Ministry of Health, it was found that the aging of population led to 64 percent increase in the Gini Coefficient. The aging of the population along with the declining rate of birth and decrease in population led to the increasing income inequality (Sadana et al., 2016). Another important factor that contributed to the increasing Gini Coefficient is the change in the structure of households. The main cause for the increase in income inequality is the increase in the aged households as well as the decline in the size of households. It has been found that more than half of the aged population is single household. Externalities and Market Failure The kind of externality that moved the economy from one equilibrium to another was complexity externality. It moved the economy of Japan from the equilibrium where both the economic growth and prices of asset were high to an economy where both are low. A complexity externality takes place when the worsening of balance sheets is caused by the devaluation of the bubble. This in turn resulted in incompetent performance of the economy. A complexity externality is caused by the organization failure in the network of the division of labor. The complexity externality forms a vicious circle that traps the economy into a sluggish equilibrium (Menell Meurer, 2013). The externality will also lead to the failure of the market in Japan, as the price equilibrium is not able to reflect the true costs and benefits of manufactured goods. The complexity externality is mainly categorized under negative externality. This will in turn lead to lower production and equilibrium that is more efficient (Mariappanadar, 2012). Japan faced a management failure that is mainly concerned with the organization choice of whether or not to make relation-specific investment (c). However, if all the organization decides to implement relation-specific investment, then the net output that will be obtained is pyh c. As a result, the economy accomplishes optimum. On the other hand, if one organization (i) in Japan anticipates that, another organization (j) in the similar network will not implement the investment; in that case the best step will be not to make an investment. The organization (j) will produce only yl; hence, organization (i) will be able to obtain only pyl c by making an investment. Complexity Externality = p (yh yl) c The growing complexity externality raises the difficulties in making certain the stable economic development. Complexity externality also affected the sustainable development of the society. This in turn led the intervention of the government to influence the economic subsystem of the society in a significant way. The environment of a number of smaller agents changed due to the intervention of the government. The intervention of government stabilized the price and led to the development of the economy (Battiston, 2013). Conclusion It has been concluded that The appreciation in the stock market and the prices of the property in Tokyo led to the degree of inequality in income and wealth in Japan. Aging population is considered as one of the major factors that caused deflation in Japan. The degree of income inequality among the senior age groups has broadened to a great extent. Japan has made some structural improvement in all the areas of the economy. The organization of the economic decision includes giving main concern to networking in order to enhance a system of cooperation. In the near future, the demographics are likely to change due to ageing of population. By the year 2060, the ratio will be 1.19 employees per senior. As a result, this will put burden on the young generation. The wage ratios are also likely to be reduced and this will in turn lead to increase in unemployment. The companies in Japan are likely to compete against the worldwide market and as a result they are trying to decrease the type of social network and social security net. References Battiston, S. (2013). DebtRank Analysis of Japanese Credit Network. Cummings, W. K. (2014).Education and equality in Japan. Princeton University Press. Gilpin, R. (2016).The political economy of international relations. Princeton University Press. Knox, P., Agnew, J. A., McCarthy, L. (2014).The geography of the world economy. Routledge. Lise, J., Sudo, N., Suzuki, M., Yamada, K., Yamada, T. (2014). Wage, income and consumption inequality in Japan, 19812008: from boom to lost decades.Review of Economic Dynamics,17(4), 582-612. Lockwood, W. W. (2015).Economic development of Japan. Princeton University Press. Mariappanadar, S. (2012). The harm indicators of negative externality of efficiency focused organizational practices.International Journal of Social Economics,39(3), 209-220. Menell, P. S., Meurer, M. J. (2013). Notice Failure and Notice Externalities.Journal of Legal Analysis, las019. Nishizaki, K., Sekine, T., Ueno, Y. (2014). Chronic deflation in Japan.Asian Economic Policy Review,9(1), 20-39. Oshio, T., Urakawa, K. (2014). The association between perceived income inequality and subjective well-being: Evidence from a social survey in Japan.Social Indicators Research,116(3), 755-770. Sadana, R., Blas, E., Budhwani, S., Koller, T., Paraje, G. (2016). Healthy Ageing: Raising Awareness of Inequalities, Determinants, and What Could Be Done to Improve Health Equity.The Gerontologist,56(Suppl 2), S178-S193. Sugimoto, Y. (2014).An introduction to Japanese society. Cambridge University Press. Wang, L., Kutan, A. M. (2013). The impact of natural disasters on stock markets: Evidence from Japan and the US.Comparative Economic Studies,55(4), 672-686. Wilks, S., Wright, M. (Eds.). (2016).The promotion and regulation of industry in Japan. Springer. Yitzhaki, S., Schechtman, E. (2013). Social Welfare, Relative Deprivation, and the Gini Coefficient. InThe Gini Methodology(pp. 253-273). Springer New York

Things Fall Apart Idea of Strong Essay Example

Things Fall Apart: Idea of Strong Essay Strength vs.. Values Strong and powerful Is controversial, because It defers person to person. Also, throughout generations and cultures, the definition has been modified. Usually, ones values are connected to their interpretation of strength. For example, my emphasis on my values are utterly different from Ginkgos values. The Bio culture developed their own idea of strength, American society has modernized it, and ones values may differ from anothers. Throughout Things Fall Apart, the buds Idea of strength Is Illustrated through the villagers and Coonskins thoughts. The ultimate result Awoken desired was prosperity, and when he spent seven years from his clan, he developed a plan to accomplish this. He would build a bigger barn than he had had before and he would build huts for two new wives. Then he would show his wealth by initiating his sons into the zoo society. Only the really great men in the clan were able to do this. Awoken saw clearly the high esteem In which he would be held, and he saw himself taking the highest title In the land (155). Awoken believed that being strict would build him respect, and only weakness thrived off of emotions. To show affection was a sign of weakness; the only thing worth demonstrating was strength (26). The Bio culture involved a lot of violence, therefore, being bold and war-like was being brave. But I have also heard that Beam people were weak and foolish. Why did they not fight back? Had they no guns and machete? We would be cowards Barman 2 to compare ourselves Walt n ten men AT Dame A villager Trot Mad man, Ginkgos clan, or Beam would be frustrated if they were placed in American society, mainly because power has a new significance. We will write a custom essay sample on Things Fall Apart: Idea of Strong specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Things Fall Apart: Idea of Strong specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Things Fall Apart: Idea of Strong specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer True American heroes use their morals to save others and support what is eight. They do not discriminate against gender or race, unlike the Bio society that treated men with more respect than women. No matter how prosperous a man was, if he was unable to rule his women and his children (and especially his women) he was not really a man (48). We all know that a man is the head of the family and his wives do his bidding. A child belongs to its father and his family and not to its mother and her family (121). Now, in America, a wife is determined by love, and not bargaining and money. Today, any person in America, the land of opportunity, an be educated and get a Job. In the Bio society, the only way to succeed was to be male and a good farmer, and Awoken followed this concept. Ginkgos values and mine relate to the cultures we live in. An important value to me is my education, because in America, the main way to thrive is to be erudite. Awoken strives to be a good farmer, because in his clan, yam stood for manliness, and he who could feed his family on yams from one harvest to another was a very great man indeed (30). His culture also valued possessions, although I try not to value them. Awoken wanted to be successful and be the opposite of his lazy father, Just like I want to be able to support myself when I grow older. Even as a little boy he had resented his fathers failure and weakness Awoken was ruled by one passion-to hate everything his father Knock had loved. One of those things Barman 3 was gentleness Ana another was Idleness ( By Dealing unsympathetic, Nils IT had been ruled by a great passion-to become one of the lords of the clan. That had been his life-spring (119). Ones values may determine their strength in their society. The Bio had their idea of strength, todays Americans have their own, and values change with generations and cultures. In the Bio society, for example, rich males had more respect, and in todays America, almost anyone can be a hero. Modernization, along with time and separation of ideas, has put the opportunity for power into many hands. For example, opportunity is given to the most able citizen in America, but in the Bio society, the door is closed to almost everyone. Ginkgos concern of being supreme and following his own values eventually drove him to suicide.

Womanhouse, CalArts 1970s Feminist Art Collaboration

Womanhouse, CalArts 1970s Feminist Art Collaboration Womanhouse was an art experiment that addressed the experiences of women. Twenty-one art students refurbished an abandoned house in Los Angeles and turned it into a provocative 1972 exhibit. Womanhouse received national media attention and introduced the public to the idea of Feminist Art. The students came from the new Feminist Art Program at the California Institute of the Arts (CalArts). They were led by Judy Chicago  and Miriam Schapiro. Paula Harper, an art historian who also taught at CalArts, suggested the idea to create a collaborative art installation in a house. The purpose was more than just to showcase womens art or art about women.   The purpose, according to Linda Nochlins bok on Miriam Schapiro, to  help women  restructure their personalities to be more consistent with their desires to be  artists and to help them build their art making out of their experiences as  women. One inspiration was Judy Chicagos discovery that a womans building had been part of the 1893 Worlds Columbian Exposition in Chicago. The building was designed by a woman architect, and many art works, including one by Mary Cassatt, were featured there. The House The abandoned house in the urban Hollywood area was condemned by the city of Los Angeles. The Womanhouse artists were able to postpone the destruction until after their project. The students devoted enormous amounts of their time in late 1971 to refurbishing the house, which had broken windows and no heat. They struggled with repairs, construction, tools, and cleaning out the rooms that would later house their art exhibits. The Art Exhibits Womanhouse was opened to the public in January and February of 1972, gaining a national audience. Each area of the house featured a different work of art.   â€Å"Bridal Staircase,† by Kathy Huberland, showed a mannequin bride on the stairs. Her long bridal train led to the kitchen and became progressively grayer and dingier along its length. One of the most famous and memorable exhibits was Judy Chicago’s â€Å"Menstruation Bathroom.† The display was a white bathroom with a shelf of feminine hygiene products in boxes and a trash can full of used feminine hygiene products, the red blood striking against the white background. Judy Chicago said that however women felt about their own menstruation would be how they felt seeing it depicted in front of them. Performance Art There were also performance art pieces at Womanhouse, initially done for an all-female audience and later opened to male audiences as well. One exploration of men’s and women’s roles featured actors playing â€Å"He† and â€Å"She,† who were visually depicted as male and female genitalia. In â€Å"Birth Trilogy,† performers crawled through a â€Å"birth canal† tunnel made of the legs of other women. The piece was compared to a Wiccan ceremony. The Womanhouse Group Dynamic The Cal-Arts students were guided by Judy Chicago and Miriam Schapiro to use consciousness-raising and self-examination as processes that preceded making the art. Although it was a collaborative space, there were disagreements about power and leadership within the group. Some of the students, who also had to work at their paying jobs before coming to labor at the abandoned house, thought that Womanhouse required too much of their devotion and left them no time for anything else. Judy Chicago and Miriam Schapiro themselves disagreed about how closely Womanhouse should be tied to the CalArts program. Judy Chicago said things were good and positive when they were at Womanhouse, but became negative once they were back on the CalArts campus, in the male-dominated art institution. Filmmaker Johanna   Demetrakas made a documentary film called Womanhouse about the feminist art event. The 1974 film includes the performance art pieces as well as reflections by the participants. The Women The two primary movers behind Womanhouse were Judy Chicago and Miriam Shapiro. Judy Chicago, who changed her name to that from Judy Gerowitz in 1970, was one of the major figures in Womanhouse. She was in California to establish a Feminist Art Program at Fresno State College. Her husband, Lloyd Hamrol, was also teaching at Cal Arts. Miriam Shapiro was in California at that time, having originally moved to California when her husband Paul Brach was appointed dean at Cal Arts. He accepted the appointment only if Shapiro would also become a faculty member.   She brought her interest in feminism to the project. A few of the other women involved included: Faith WildingBeth BachenheimerKaren LeCocqRobbin Schiff Edited and updated with content added​ by Jone Johnson Lewis.

Andhra Pradesh Health and Social Care

Andhra Pradesh Health and Social Care Introduction: The health and social care arena is facing some of the biggest challenges for decades. Demographically this is because more people are falling prey to changing environment, deprived economy, social factors, increased population, life style changes, early mortality etc. The research has provided many benefits in discovery of new treatments and technologies used in health care. It can improve the health outcome to individuals which in turn reduces the burden on the health care. In 1953 Andhra Pradesh was first formed on a linguistic basis by carving it out from Madras area. In 1956 later it was merged with telugu speaking area of Hyderabad state to form a Andhra Pradesh State. In order to keep alive the interest of the Telegu people, Amarajeevi Potti Sriramulu kept pressure on the Madras Presidency government to give a ear to public demand for the separate Telugu speaking state (Rayalaseema and coastal Andhra) to form a new Andhra state. With unbreakable determination he went on a fast, and only stopped when prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru promised to form new Andhra State. On the midnight of 15 December (i.e. Early 16 December 1952), Potti Sriramulu died and sacrificed his life trying to achieve the state. In the history of this telugu state on the 18 th Feb 2014 Lok Shabha of India approving the formation of Telangana with ten districts. In India, Andhra Pradesh is one of the populated state because of its growth and its geologically near the sea coast. In India, Andhra Pradesh is one of the populated state because of its growth and its geologically near the sea coast. The Census over the year has seen the state grow steadily in the terms of population. It is located in the southern region of the country, the state shares its boundaries with Orissa, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. The capital of the state is the vibrant city of Hyderabad that has seen the rule of Nizams for a long time. Andhra Pradesh has been one of the oldest states in the country a nd finds its place in many ancient works of Literature. According to 2011 census, the population of Andhra Pradesh is 84 million. The growth rate of the population is about 11% which is below the national average. The state has seen the faster growth in the terms of Technological infrastructure, civil works and also developed in sectors like IT and Telecom. The state has tiled over an area of 275000 sq km and has many places of strategic and cultural evidence. It has contributed to have the important place for Worship such as World famous deity, Tirupati balaji. Andhra Pradesh has a population density of 308 which is below the national average. In 2011, the literacy rate is 67% while compared to national average of about 74% and a cause of interest is given. Andhra Pradesh have the best ports in the country with regards to Trade.     Ã‚   Population in Andhra Pradesh in 2011 According to Andhra Pradesh Census in 2011 the population has increased to 0.84(8.46 & 7.62 crore) when c ompared to census in 2001. The total population is 84,580,777 of which male and female were 42,442,146 and 42,138,631 respectively.

Ecommerce Assignment (National Bank of Dubai) Essay

Ecommerce Assignment (National Bank of Dubai) - Essay Example According to a study, by the Department of Psychology at Middle East Technical University, organizational success (of a web site) may be considered by the site's user-friendliness.4 The criteria specified in the study ("rollovers, pop-up menus, and search capabilities") to determine user-friendliness is, however; met by the NBD's web site. Therefore, based upon these criteria, it must be concluded that the site is an organizational success. The non transaction interactivity of the web site is sufficient and dynamic, yet rudimentary. The most attractive (and unique) aspect of this area is the "careers" section which shows the depth the bank has undertaken to inform potential employees of unique career paths. There is a very well formatted "site feedback" questionnaire as well as a separate link to contact the bank directly. However, an attempt to contact the bank, via this method (during working hours,) did not receive a reply as of the time of this writing. Privacy and security is a prime concern for all banks and customers and NBD appears to have a fairly good handle on the process.

In-depth analysis research paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

In-depth analysis - Research Paper Example However, there are concerns that his conservative media appearances are not desirable. This may have ethical implications to stakeholders and the public because they seem not to have adequate avenues to engage with their Governor. The second news item is titled â€Å"Super PAC cash plays big role in Nebraska Senate race.† This item illustrates political interplays that take place towards election of a state senator. It is agreeable that the position of Senator has some responsibilities; a fact that informs various stakeholders’ decision to support a certain candidate who they feel will perform his mandate effectively. However, financial support by various stakeholders may have ethical implications as the ultimate winner of the Senate elections may be tempted to make decisions based on the some of the wishes of his â€Å"supporters† which may not be in the interest of the other stakeholders. The third item is titled â€Å"New GOP super PAC aimed at attracting you th vote.† These items shows the desire of the Republicans to attract the youth vote as part of its agenda to address the high unemployment that has disillusioned the youths over the years (The Center for Public Integrity, 2012). ... The agency is non partisan and it is dedicated to producing investigative journalism on public concern issues. It operates in the political context which is conducive which enables it undertake its objectives effectively and with little or no political challenges at all. Internal agency leaders and political leaders have influenced the success of the agency in the following three ways. The first way is through the non-partisan approach that the internal agency leaders have adopted in the running of the agency’s activities which has enabled it to encounter minimal criticisms regarding partisanship. The second way is by operating its investigative journalism activities by putting the interest of the public first and adhering to integrity and honesty principles in its activities (The Center for Public Integrity, 2012). This has enabled it gain credibility from the public thus making it successful. The third way is through the political leaders; they have had faith on the agency a nd very few have raised pertinent concerns regarding the agency and its activities. Also, internal agency leaders have greatly influenced the success of the agency in the sense that the agency focuses on the abuses of power, duty dereliction by powerful private and public institutions thereby winning public support. Legal Decisions Ideally, the power that The Centre for Public Integrity has as an agency in enforcing the regulations they are asked to uphold is limited. Often, this agency together with others are commissioned by certain state agencies, private and public organizations to investigate integrity, governance, administrative, and accountability aspects in a particular State or

Human Resources Perspective Essay Example for Free

Human Resources Perspective Essay Introduction For small and large businesses alike, the human resources or personnel function can be helpful for much more than simply processing payroll or handling the open enrollment season once a year. Human resources plays an essential role in developing a companys strategy as well as handling the employee activities of an organization. Human resources can also provide human capital value to the organization, such as Utiliscan. Without this, a company is at potential risk for lost profits. Budget control is another primary function of human resources. This prevents excessive spending, through developing methods for keeping the workforce associated cost within perspective of the company’s goals. This also includes negotiating rates for benefits and health care coverage in conjunction with setting competitive and realistic wages. Throughout the remainder of this paper, we will discuss the results of Utiliscan’s employee survey and what steps Paul could have taken toward improving Utiliscan as the Human Resource Director. Survey Results Are In Upon completion of every survey, it is important to post the results for all employees and management to see. The results should be consolidated with a task assigned and a well-developed plan of action. This is an opportunity to develop the corps values of the company leadership, as well, build growth within the company. Take the time to prioritize company goals, to include expectations of the employer and employees. Tackle the big and the ugly up front by making a statement. After all, your goal is to make the company successful and show growth through opportunity. Result #1: 56% of Utiliscan felt their benefits were below average or poor. Task: Identify comparable benefits packages to meet the company needs as  well the employee Action: Studying the labor market, employment trends and salary analysis based on job functions will assist Paul with Utiliscan, as it is a small business, creating budget constraints. . As the human resources director, Paul should negotiate better rates. His responsibility is to find health coverage and offer package incentives to his employees. A good example of this, high quality insurance that includes low premiums for his employees with high percentage rates of protection. American Blue Cross Blue Shield provides medical, dental, and hearing protection at reasonable rates for companies. Aside from medical requirements, Paul should address salary, wages and retirement benefits packages with his employees. Fidelity is an example of a investment firm that allows parole deductions for employees to save money and earn market based profits and well stock option growth. Many companies in modern America now provide a 401k match plan. 5% to 6% match is a good comparable rate to start with. Result #2: 55% felt safe, with little danger of occupational hazards associated with their physical environment. There were comments, presumably from the 45% who did not feel safe, that some of the utility plants where they worked on installations were not as safe as they should be. Task: Identify safety hazards within and around the work environment. Action: Conduct training and development of employees and supervisors. Needs assessments for the organization’s current workforce to determine the type of skills training and employee development are necessary to improve skill sets. This includes qualifications, licensing and documentation of certifications. A company such as Utiliscan must ensure their employees meet specifications to insure quality productions levels, at the same time improving overall safety of the organization. Many companies identify hazards within the workplace and address them through education of their employees. It is much less expensive than the cost to hire additional staff or more qualified candidates. In addition, it’s a strategy that also can reduce turnover and improve employee retention. Result #3: 74% felt there was little relationship between their performance and their pay. There were numerous comments that performance reviews hadn’t been done on time or hadn’t been done at all. Other comments indicated arbitrary treatment and favoritism of some employees. Task: Identify the root cause for lack of performance appraisals and employee development programs. Build and mentorship program  to better support Utiliscan’s employee foundation. Action: Through Performance Improvement, Training and Development Paul can develop performance management tools. This will enable Paul and his managers to measure the performance of their employees and provide feedba ck. This is a developmental tool to improve the employee skills and expertise. If performance appraisals are not completed then the potential for employees whose performance to fall below the employers expectations can continue. This leads to waste through payroll activities and low-performance employees. Performance appraisals should be conducted monthly or quarterly with a final annual appraisal to determine potential for promotion or retain ability. Result #4: 89% felt there were few if any opportunities to improve their skills and 87% responded there were no promotion opportunities. Task: Develop a mentorship program and identify key developmental positions that will be forecasted. Action: Paul can focus his efforts toward performance management systems. Constructing a plan that measures performance, employees develop specified skill sets in order to become more qualified for potential promotion opportunities. At the same time, Paul can begin succession planning. This enables the company to identify key potential candidates to fill key developmental positon. This is done through identifying employees with the promise and requisite capabilities to eventually transition into leadership roles with the compa ny. This is an important function as it can guarantee the organizations stability and future success. Result # 5: 78% of the employees were satisfied with their working conditions and they enjoyed freedom and flexibility to perform their jobs without strict supervision. 70% felt their workloads were adequate – not too heavy, not too light Task: Despite the overall content attitude toward working conditions and enjoyment of the employees daily work routines, there is always ways to improve the overall employee’s satisfaction. Identify a way to seek employee’s thoughts and ideas of how to make the work place a better environment. Action: Over all employee satisfaction can better the work place and improve the quality of life within the company. Happy employees work harder and produce more. This leads to more money for the company to grow. Paul should place a suggestion box to assist in identifying key components that his employees are requesting to make their work experience better. Some of their ideas may  lead to greater levels of quality, production, and even profits. Another option is to continue with carefully designed employee surveys, focus groups and an exit interview strategy to determine key components of employee dissatisfaction and addresses those issues to motivate employees. Corporate Image The employer who maintains steadfast principles, embraces change, accepts and breeds the company’s philosophy and business principles will win every time. Businesses want to be known as the company to work for or â€Å"Employer of Choice†. This is the company that receives recognition for the way they take care of their employees and care for them. These are the companies that employees find balance. Paul working in human resources can develop the tools to identify balance through recruiting the most qualified applicants, selecting the most suitable candidates and retaining the most talented employees. References: Sharon Armstrong and Barbara Mitchell (2008). The Essential HR Handbook: A Quick and Handy Resource for Any Manager or HR Professional Web Link: http://www.hrmasia.com/case-studies/ Mathis, R.L., Jackson, J.H. (2014). Human Resource Management 14th Ed. Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning.

Modern Day Prophets: Islam versus Christianity Essay -- Essays Papers

Modern Day Prophets: Islam versus Christianity In today’s world of chaos and war, many people are turning to religion. People look to organized religion not only for solace but on the contrary, they also look to attribute cause for the world’s woes. The terrorist attack on the World Trade Center on September 11th has many people looking to the religion of Islam for a culprit, as the men who flew the planes were Israeli suicide missionaries. These men thought themselves to be on a mission from God (Allah). This implies that they were acting on the words of a prophet, or thought themselves prophets. In response to this, I decided to research the major religions in today’s world that rely on modern day prophets for guidance. By doing so, I am attempting to prove the religion of Islam innocent by comparing it to many other religions that have similar structure but no terrorist intentions. The first question we come to when studying religions based on the teachings of modern prophets is this: can modern prophets exist? Christianity, one of the three major religions followed today, says yes. â€Å"†¦The Wisdom of God said, ‘I will send them prophets and apostles, and some of them they will kill and some of them they will persecute†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ † (Holy Bible) This quote from Christianity’s great rule book also predicts that when prophets do come to the Earth, people will not accept them as such. This is fairly accurate in Christians’ reactions to religions that have their basis in Christianity but have diverged from the church into their own sects. One of the largest and strongest divergent sects of Christianity is known commonly as Mormonism. Mormons believe that there have been prophets in the past, so why should there not be pr... ...ny different faiths from an unbiased perspective: the Unification Church section. [6] Holy Bible. Book of Revelation, Chapter 12: verse 17. [7] https://webmail.stanford.edu/silkymail_pop/imp/login.php3 A sampling of statements regarding Mrs. Eddy’s place in Bible prophecy, which have been published by the Christian Science Publishing Society. [8] http://205.180.85.40/w/pc.cgi?mid=14891&sid=7271 Jehovah’s Witnesses and the use of the word â€Å"prophet.† [9] http://www.urantiafoundation.org/about.html A website about the Urantia Book and the subsequent Urantia Foundation. [10] http://www.geocities.com/muhammadsite.html A site explicating the role of Muhammad within history and the religion of Islam. [11] http://allafrica.com/stories/200211290320.html An interview with an Islamis scholar, Sidi Ali, concerning the terrorist attacks in the Middle East.

Representation of Sex and Gender in the Film Goldfinger Essay

â€Å"My Name is Bond, James Bond. † A film franchise that has spanned for a better part of this century has been engrained to generations, young, old, men and women. Bond’s suave outlook, dominating presence, and alluring sex appeal has engrained among generations how a man should conduct himself – a man’s man, and has also engrained the stereotype of how women are in this world. What are their roles, their functions and how should they be treated. In the years of the Bond movies, Bond has either pushed or represented the present times’ view on gender issues and relationships. When taken a closer look, it can be surmised that one can see the chronological progression of sex and gender issues and relationships when watching the entire 007 film franchise – how it has been in the past and how it has progressed. This paper aims to examine the existing on screen relationships within gender relations as depicted in James Bond movies. In particular, focus is given towards the women of James Bond in the various films of James Bond, especially those that are represented in the movie Goldfinger. On the other hand, focus will also be given on the variety of women shown in other James Bond movies and how they depict women and how they are able to represent the current culture towards interactions between women and men, and the roles they play in society. In addition, the paper also dips into how women represent the typical ‘Bond Girls’ and what role do they take in the plot of Bond movies. The study develops its arguments via a comprehensive discussion on the subject matter, utilizing cited references and integrating them with each other in order to churn out an effective analysis of the points of the study. Studies acquired for this research will be primarily acquired from UK sources but is not limited to and can acquire US/other sources as need be. There is no particular limit to the age of the publication, just as long as it is written based on the James Bond, the interpretation of women in these films, gender theory, and other studies that may be deemed necessary for the study. As a last point, a conclusion will be presented summarizing the key points of the paper. The methodology of acquiring the desired results will utilize qualitative analysis. The qualitative analysis presents an advantage as it adheres to the concept of individuality in terms that each person or group is expected to have varying interpretations of the situation that person or the group is immersed in. This provides for a more in-depth analysis for the study as the qualitative portion of the study focuses more on the inner psyche of the individual/group and acknowledges the point that individuals and groups have different opinions on the issue/topic. It is the responsibility then of the researcher to merge these existing thoughts into a cohesive interpretation that is representative of the entire subject base. James Bond and his counterparts My name is Bond, James Bond On hindsight, the variety of 007 films that was released over the years represent how majority of society (i. e. American and British society) sees masculinity and femininity and how it has progressed throughout the decades. Bond’s representation in Goldfinger presents the deepest and most innate desires of how men see themselves and how women want their men to see, act and feel. In addition to this, the personas portrayed by women acting in Goldfinger had presented the different variations of women in their time. Their On screen relationships with the secret agent project deep-seated cultural conventions that involves mainly romance and sexual interaction between men and women that add how bond films are able to provide a mirror image of cultural fantasies and realities of modern man and woman in film and in society. It can be said that the bond movie series has taken society by storm because of the reason that they have a similarity to human fantasies and wishful thinking. The movies in a way, has defined the dreams and paranoia a particular group of 007 fanatics and within a given timeline in history (Lindner, 2003). The characters played in 007 films feed on human fantasy components desired by humans on earth such as fast cars, hard alcoholic beverages, high stakes gambling, and powerful weaponry at a moment’s notice, handsome secret agents and beautiful women at their side. When the movies were first released at 1962 onwards, 007 had appeared on the silver screen with an average of two years per interval. Sean Connery filled up the role as James Bond in the movie Goldfinger, keeping in mind how Ian Fleming had envisioned James Bond in real life. His suave attire and commanding look, although was totally different as that of a real-life spy, tapped into the imagination and perception of people at that time on how a spy or a secret should look and feel. On the other hand, following Dalton’s depiction, there was a gap of six years while Bond’s representation was re-developed and reconstructed for the 1990s post Cold War political climate in Britain and the U. S. In mid 1994, the actor Pierce Brosnan was identified to take over the role of 007 (Brosnan, 1995). But even with these changes occurring, the secret agent that is James Bond has essentially remained unswerving all throughout the movies series history (more than 40 years). The secret agent has never aged, never gotten seriously injured, never stopped drinking and more importantly has never stopped chasing the opportunity to be intimate with a sexiest and coincidentally the most intelligent women around. James Bond has become the quintessential suave secret agent, completely opposite as that of real-life secret agents, dry wit and capable intelligence officer serving for king and country. On the other hand, categorization of James Bond has naturally varied from actor to actor during the entire 40 year history and has mainly been coupled with the current social and political climates and values of the times (Lindner, 2003).

Difference Between Two Population Means

Here, we describe estimation and hypothesis-testing procedures for the difference between two population means when the samples are dependent. In a case of two dependent samples, two data values—one for each sample—are collected from the same source (or element) and, hence, these are also called paired or matched samples. For example, we may want to make inferences about the mean weight loss for members of a health club after they have gone through an exercise program for a certain period of time.To do so, suppose we select a sample of 15 members of this health club and record their weights before and after the program. In this example, both sets of data are collected from the same 15 persons, once before and once after the program. Thus, although there are two samples, they contain the same 15 persons. This is an example of paired (or dependent or matched) samples. The procedures to make confidence intervals and test hypotheses in the case of paired samples are differe nt from the ones for independent samples.Two samples are said to be paired or matched samples when for each data value collected from one sample there is a corresponding data value collected from the second sample, and both these data values are collected from the same source. As another example of paired samples, suppose an agronomist wants to measure the effect of a new brand of fertilizer on the yield of potatoes. To do so, he selects 10 pieces of land and divides each piece into two portions. Then he randomly assigns one of the two portions from each piece of land to grow potatoes without using fertilizer (or using some other brand of fertilizer).The second portion from each piece of land is used to grow potatoes with the new brand of fertilizer. Thus, he will have 10 pairs of data values. Then, using the procedure to be discussed in this article, he will make inferences about the difference in the mean yields of potatoes with and without the new fertilizer. The question arises, why does the agronomist not choose 10 pieces of land on which to grow potatoes without using the new brand of fertilizer and another 10 pieces of land to grow potatoes by using the new brand of fertilizer?If he does so, the effect of the fertilizer might be confused with the effects due to soil differences at different locations. Thus, he will not be able to isolate the effect of the new brand of fertilizer on the yield of potatoes. Consequently, the results will not be reliable. By choosing 10 pieces of land and then dividing each of them into two portions, the researcher decreases the possibility that the difference in the productivities of different pieces of land affects the results.

huck says essays

huck says essays Huckleberry Finn, an adventurous young boy, tells the tale of his own adventures. What was Mark Twain thinking? When Twain used Huck as the narrator of his book The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn it was a first. This first was ingenious he grabbed America and made them think what life was like to a young boy back in the day. As Huck moved down the Mississippi he told a wonderful story although it isnt exactly believable, the dialects that Twain used helped out, as well as added a humorous touch. The funniest part of this novel is how Huck tells his tales. Hucks tells a lot of stories on his way down the river that makes it hard to believe. When Huck is telling of the feud between the Grangerfords and the Shepardsons the feud is hard to believe because neither family knows what they are fighting for nor do they care. Finding this believable is hard to do because nobody except for Huck is telling the story and as people see others lying it gets harder and harder to see if they are telling the truth or not. Another time when it was hard to distinguish between true and false was when Huck talks of the ship that had been wrecked on the rocks. There were murderers on the ship supposedly, but it is again hard to believe that a young boy and a man, almost free, would get themselves into a situation like that and not want to get out of it immediately. Huck is a hard character to believe in, but Twain added the dialects to the story adding believability because then you can actually visualize the characters talking in the manner that the y do. The dialects that came out were very important to the story they added some believability to it. When Huck would say something it would come off as more truthful because it would sound like he knew what he was talking about, the same with Tom Sawyer. Tom could say something that he knew nothing about and could make people believe it. The dialect helped him out fro ...

The Management of Change of General Motors (GM) and Dell Essay

The Management of Change of General Motors (GM) and Dell - Essay Example This essay discusses that the organizational change is a constant procedure of remaking the ideas and approach of the organization by shifting the tactical routes and operations of the organization. This change assists the organization to enhance its potential with the greater monetary returns and its plan to meet the changing conditions and requirement of the clients. The main element that the organizations should look into before making any changes is to decide the future goals and objectives of the business and to see that how the resources should be implemented in order to make the change successful without the resistance of the employees at all the levels of the organization structure. The adjustment for the changing goals and the customer demand has become a big challenge for the organizations to meet the global competition. This job has become more difficult and complicated for the organization because they are not sure that their employees can handle and cope up with the chan ge or not. In the sector of profitability, the growth of global market and shift in political situations has made a way for the new markets of products and services that is never seen before in the corporate sector. In response to this changing pace, the organizations are adopting simple and reactive structure in which the culture is such that it empowers the employees and teamwork is the main driving force. Because of this changing environment, the employees expect that they will be involved in the decision regarding the organizational change. ... t position and share of the company falls due to change in demand of the customers and increase of competition from the car manufacturers of Japan (GM, 2012). Reason for Change: Previously, the company made many efforts to overcome the decline of sales, bad brand image, declining market share and some other reasons but most of those changes effort were failed due to communication gap between the top management and the employee’s and also because of the poor management. In 2009, the company was in extreme financial crises and the US Government would impose bankruptcy if the company will not be able to pay its debt. The new CEO fritz Henderson focus was to restructure the company within 2 months in order to save the company from bankruptcy. The company granted the financial and time aid from the US Government in order to exist as a company and payoff all the debts. The global recession made the company in financial crises and the management failed to overcome that pressure (Ande rsen, 2011). The basic reason for change is to improve the competitiveness of the company by cutting down the number of employees working and to decrease the other brands that General Motors owned. In addition, the company wants to change its overall structure by making it less bureaucratic and cut off the layers of management that is unnecessary for the company. This way the company assumes to save money and to the decision-making speed will also increase. The second point that the company decided was to change the culture of the company that would help to improve the market focus. This meant that the company would build the cars that are according to the requirement of the customers. This will help the company to see a definite path and help to come out of the financial crises that it was

Literature review of proportional hazards model Research Paper

Literature review of proportional hazards model - Research Paper Example The prime factor that makes the modeling of preventive maintenance complicated is the quantification of the preventive maintenance’s effect at different intervals. This research is meant to model the preventive maintenance using the proportional hazard model. Objectives of the research The objectives of this research are: To develop a realistic model of preventive maintenance scheduling To introduce a heuristic approach to implement the proportional hazard model for preventive maintenance scheduling To use the full condition history of the equipment for scheduling the successive interval of preventive maintenance Methodology Appropriate explanatory variables will be used to fit two proportional hazard models, one for the equipment’s life after the corrective work, and the other for the equipment’s life after the preventive maintenance. The next interval of preventive maintenance will be scheduled using the two models within a simulation framework. Two distinct cr iteria will be used to estimate the schedules of optimal preventive maintenance, one of which will be a fixed horizon while the other will be the maximization of availability in one interval of preventive maintenance. ... Work Plan Time Activity End of August 2012 Approval of research proposal 1 September 2012 to 1 November 2012 Literature review 1 November 2012 to 1 January 2013 Data collection 1 January 2013 to 30 January 2013 Data analysis 1 February 2012 to 15 February 2013 Documentation of results 16 February 2013 to 30 March 2013 Thesis writing and editing 15 April 2013 Thesis submission and defense Literature review of proportional hazard model: The Proportional Hazard Model The proportional hazard model is one of the most widely employed statistical models in the field of engineering and biometrics where it is used for the analysis of survival data. Measurement error is common to happen in the biometric studies. It is hard to measure the variables of interest without making substantial errors. This imparts the need to make use of surrogates. Plugging in the surrogate yields a naive estimate that can be suspected for bias. Cox was the first to propose the proportional hazard model in the year 1 972. The proportional hazard model offers an analysis of the multivariate regression. Impacts of various covariates that affect a system’s TTF are estimated by this model. The proportional hazard model is used in different kinds of applications in the analysis of lifetime data. It is a very flexible and general model. These properties of the Proportional Hazard Model played a big role in its wide and quick adoption in different fields between the 1970s and the 1990s. These fields included but were not limited to economics, health service and biomedical research (Miller 1). â€Å"The proportional hazards model is often used in survival analysis (medical testing) studies. It is not used much with engineering data† (â€Å"Proportional hazards model†). The proportional

Falconry in Qatar Event Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Falconry in Qatar Event - Essay Example From this study it is clear that until the season 2030 growth in both the public and private areas will be based on the following four principles: Human growth – the growth and marketing of education among all to make a maintainable and flourishing community. Public growth – the growth is just to look after community and able to play a key role in developing international relationships. Financial growth – the growth is varied economic base to secure and sustain a high quality of life in the future. Ecological growth – to keep things in balance between economic and social growth and ways is defending the environment.This paper outlines that we have selected the common information of Qatar and the planning of the development of Qatar as our Event Management project topic. From the numerous topics, we have selected Qatar past and present is because this topic seems to be very exciting to us and has our interest. Qatar is one of the developed country and most well-known for their tourist’s fascination. By 2030, Qatar is created to be a high level community able of maintaining its progress and giving a high quality of life for the nation. We regarded this subject as ideal for us with possibilities to demonstrate our skills, creativeness and performance. The primary aim of this project is to get the theoretical and practical awareness about the development of the country in different region and to acquire the knowledge about development of different region of Qatar and its plan for the 2030 vision.

Performance Elements Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Performance Elements - Assignment Example In Wilde’s The Importance of Being Earnest, it contains heavy dialogue which limits direction to the initial scene settings, and also limits the vocal or expressive cues for the different characters. It is thus suggested that if any of the performance elements were removed, it will leave the story’s performance suggested or with an understood tone on the dialogue which enables the reader to identify the various missing elements partly due to the logical progression of the story (Jago, Shea and Scanlon, 2011) On the other hand, The C Above the C Above High C provides more details in the plot and character development by using different performance elements such as background action, sub-scenes, visual cues, and even shifting the timeline. If any of these elements were to be removed and depend entirely on the dialogue, the play would result in a total confusing state (Wilde, 1885). This play also include political statements, symbolism as well as satire many of which will be lost if dialogue alone is employed. Symbolism and irony can be cited where Louis apply a facial cream and appears â€Å"white† though he is fairly dark but seen as very black among the rising black entertainers, and accepted by both the white and black community (Jago, Shea and Scanlon, 2011) Therefore, The C Above the C Above High C play is considered to be more in depth for the readers due to the different elements applied, hence giving the reader the ability to picture the play on the stage which lacks in the Wildes work of The Importance of Being Earnest which is heavily dialogued (Reed,

Key Critical Success Factors Of Ryanair Management Essay

Key Critical Success Factors Of Ryanair Management Essay RYANAIR- The Irish low cost airline was founded in 1985 by the Ryan family as a small competitor to Irish national airline Aer Lingus. As Ryanair walked on the same business model as that of its competitors. But this strategy adopted by Ryanair never turned out as a profitable one and took it nowhere. In 1990s, Ryanair transformed its strategy and under the leadership of Michael OLeary it decided to restructure and model itself after Southwest Airlines, the successful US Carrier and then enter into British Isles, and then in to whole of Europe. (Johnson, et al, 2008). The move of effective resource planning and redesigning Ryanair under the leadership of Michael OLeary was the turning point for the airlines. The Mantra of maintaining Low costs and No Frills worked wonders for Ryanair. Its effective resource planning and core competency helped Ryanair to develop and grow throughout years. Using regional and secondary airports, not to charge customers for fuel surcharge, reducing operational and handling charges were on the main agenda on Ryanair. Due to combination of all these activities Ryanair was able to maintain low costs and thus earn profits out of it. Ryanair faced many hurdles to reach where it is today .Sudden rise in fuel cost, compensations to passengers, aftermaths terrorist attacks, environmental taxation schemes, fraught relationship with pilots and staff, sundry legal action and many more acted as potholes to Ryanairs smooth ride. But Michael OLeary who was called everything from arrogant pig to messiah (Johnson, et al, 2008), balanced every sector of the organisation and scripted the success diary of Ryanairs. As per ELFAA (European Low Fares Airline Association)2010 statistics, in the year 2009, Ryanair topped the list with maximum number of passengers among its European low cost competitors. It covered 28.67% (i.e. 65.3m) passengers share among its ELFAA counterparts and travels over 150 destinations throughout Europe, and operates 1070 daily flights over 1000 routes(Anon, 2010) KEY CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS LOW PRICES As Ryanair operated in short-haul trips, it helped Ryanair to maintain low fares. Low fares helped to motivate demand, particularly from fare conscious travellers who would have rather opted for either means of transportation. The European Low Fares Airline Association (ELFAA) announced that last year its members carried 162.5 million passengers, representing an 8.7% increase on the previous year(Anon, 2010).This showed that, let it be for leisure or business, European consumers are chosing low fare airlines as it provides them Best Value for Money air services. POINT-TO-POINT MODEL Point to Point Model Figure 1: point to point model (Source: http://ostpxweb.dot.gov/aviation/airlinebusinessmodel.htm ) Ryanair operates in short-haul routes, which connects secondary and regional airports of the travelling destination. Ryanair carries out its point-to-point operations on a regular and frequent basis which has helped airlines to eliminate the necessity of frills services to its customers, which becomes quite necessary in long-haul routes. This point-to-point service helped Ryanair to serve non-stop and direct routes to its customers, and thus eliminate extra costs which are involved in long-haul routes. It also helped airlines to thus reduce its unit costs as aircrafts are utilised more. It helps in reducing operating costs, as flights are direct and does not involve any connecting flights and further expenses involved in it. NO FRILLS Ancillary revenues are regarded by analysts as a lucrative source of revenue growth for Ryanair at high margins(Milmo and Griffiths, 2006) Ryanair believed in No Frills policy .There is also no complimentary food and drink;instead this is sold on board(Anon, 2004).It earned revenue by imposing charges on hotels, travel, excess baggage,flight change fees, in flight retail and other such facilities. This helped Ryanair to maximise its Ancillary revenue. Keeping focus on this No Frills policy, Airline chief Michael OLeary suggested that installing pay toilets would lower ticket costs and make flying, somehow, easier for all (POGATCHNIK, 2009). He believed this will further help in generating ancillary revenue and thus will further support in reduction on fares. CHOICES OF ROUTES According to Pitt and Brown(2001) at present, there is a clear gain in terms of the time in which the air carriers can physically move customers from one point to the other, basically speaking there is very little disparity in terms of the total journey duration when we allow for airport processes and procedures and thus comparing it with the time taken to reach to the departure airport and to transfer from the arrival airport to the final destination. It was for the same motive that regional and secondary airports were majoritily connected by Ryanair as this helped in keeping the airport and handling cost low as compared to the main congested airports. Thus choices of routes was made by keeping Ryanairs Budget airline model in mind as it strengthens the competitiveness of the airline.It also enabled to make quicker departures, and quicker flight turnovers. LOW OPERATING COSTS Ryanair strategies and action plans had made it Europes biggest low fare carrier. As Ryanair operates in short-haul routes; it aims at reducing ; aircraft equipment costs by using single type of aircrafts which later on upgraded to new generation aircrafts due to stiff competiton and environmental needs and regulations; personnel expenses by improving productivity of its present staff by providing productivity- based incentives, on-board sales incentives for flight attendants, number of hours flown by pilot and the cabin crew within the set time limits, this motivated the staff to work for more hours. customer service costs by attaining competitive rates by signing multi-year contracts with third party contractors for aircraft and passenger handling, ticketing and other services:.As Ryanair was the largest travel website in Europe and fifth most recognised website in Europe,thus internet booking has immensely helped to reduce the customer service cost and also remove commission charges of the agents; and airport access and handling costs which is the also the key competency of Ryanair.Intorduction of web-based check-in and priority boarding helped Ryanair to enhance cost cutting in airport access charges. Also introduction of charges on check-in bags helped in reduction of baggages and saved costs and enhanced the performance and the speed of the aircraft. Ryanair kept its fleets cost under control by solely operating Boeings-737 jets and thus kept training, maintenance and operating costs under check(Anon, 2004). BRAND Ryanair is a very well-positioned brand, You know exactly what it stands for not something you can say too often in the travel business( McGuinness, 2010). Imposing toilet fee, excess baggage restriction, charges on credit cards, allegations of overstressing of staffs,environmental issues, sundry legal actions and many other such issues provided Brand Ryanair free of cost publicity and thus promoted itself as lowest fare airlines in Europe.Ryanair fifth most searched website worldwide, this show the potency of the its low cost carrier brand. (OConnell and Williams, 2005). TECHNOLOGY Web based check-in helped in reduction of airport costs for the Ryanair. Officials at the no-frills Irish airline said by lowering its airport costs they can pass th savings to passengers by lowering the fares further(Pugh, 2009). It saved check-in time and also reduce check-in staff costs and thus helps in maximising profits. Ryanair fleet of 130 Boeing 737-800s, is the youngest fleet and emits fewer gases than its older aircrafts( Chesshyre, 2007).This made Ryanair environment friendly and thus follow all environmental norms. STRATEGIC CAPABILITY RESOURCES Ryanair is a non-union operation having its headquarter in Dublin, Ireland(Box, 2007). Ryanair mainly carries out its operations from secondary and regional airports. In the year 2006 Ryanairs saw growth in its traffic by 26% to 34.8 million passengers and even ancillary revenues grew by 36%, which was higher than passengers revenues. Ryanair had a fleet of around 100 new Boeing 737-800 aircraft, which was the youngest fleet having an average age of 2.4 years. These new aircrafts were environmental friendly and also consumed lesser fuel. Ryanairs stock was up by 12% in a year to 9.28euros per share.Ryanair manpower grew to 3500 employees. Ryanair being a brand in airline sector, made profits due to its adequate fund and resources. CORE COMPETENCES A core competence is a set of skills and technologies, which enables a company to achieve a particular benefit to customers(Hamel and Prahalad,1994). It would not compulsorily be product-specific,but represent a very unique and difficult-to -imitate practices, which certainly stands as a pillar for the firms competitiveness. It would not be generally an asset or a value that can be seen in a firms balance sheet, it is a skill for doing things. Initially Ryanair focused on customer service and also wanted to provide lower fares than its fellow airlines-British Airways and Aer Lingus(Gillen and Lall, 2004). In the 1990s Ryanair copied Southwest Ailrlines,US business model and chose a new way to establish itself as Low Fare Carrier Airline in Europe. Ryanair took the Southwest operational efficiency to the next step by providing no service-no food; no jet ways; no frequent flyer programme; no refunds; no travel agents; no tickets; no connects (Gillen and Lall, 2004). Ryanair mainly focussed on providing low cost, competent, regular connections and subsequently offering no other frills or supporting services(Kangis and OReilly, 2003). This policy helped Ryanair to generate revenue. Numerous possibilities for non-price differentiation exist focusing on features such as punctuality, high frequencies and timing of flights (Klophaus, 2005). Ryanair adopted point-to-point routes as the it is not delayed by interlining passengers. Check-in is more faster because the point-to-point journey is simple than an interline one as choice is of regional and secondary airports. Boarding is rapid as seat choice is better for passengers who arrive early at the departure gate( Barrett, 2004). This also helped in maintaining high punctuality for Ryanair. Lower costs also stem from reduced complexity in activities (Gillen and Lall, 2004). Further Ryanair outsourced its activities as Outsourcing brings a flexibility to an airline in choosing between different suppliers of services such as aircraft maintenance, handling at airports, catering, and inflight magazines. Outsourcing brings flexibility to the company in choosing whether or not to renew contracts as they expire. In inflexible labour markets securing efficiency gains from an inhouse labour force is likely to be more difficult and involve compensation for change( Barrett, 2004). By adopting outsourcing Ryanair has made its development much easier and has expanded quite uncompromisingly which has given it a initial mover benefit in negotiating with airports and allowed it to sign long-term contracts( Gillen and Lall, 2004) PORTFOLIO ANALYSIS BCG MATRIX Boston Matrix diagram (Source:http://www.oup.com/elt/catalogue/teachersites/oald7/wotm/wotm_archive/boston_matrix?cc=global) The market share and the growth of market are the two contingent variables which determine the position of the firm. According to Seeger(1984) it is one of the simplest and most vivid concepts which consists of two impotant variables of the market i.e. market growth and market share. Ryanair falls under Cash Cows as it growing slowly even though its market share is high. It heavily targeted at maximising its market share and cash flow.As ryanair adopted no frills policy and outsourcing, the investments needed by it has to be low.Even though having high revenue Ryanair cannot expand its activities into other product lines, as its competitive advantage of low fare can be disturbed by certain small change in charges or taxes. VALUE CHAIN The purpose of the value-chain model is to assist companies to evaluate and select the optimum set of activities and methods of performing them to create the most value for the firm (McPhee, 2004). It incorporates both traditional business activities that provides continuous value to the organization and wide range of activities from modern strategic theory. Very Impotantly , expanded activites i.e Supply chain management, Product use,End of primary use,External networks, ensures that no potential strategic activity is elapsed and no opportunity for enhancing value is ignored. INFRASTRUCTURE Minimum Corporate HQ HRM Low Cost Training Limited staff Management control In-house Performance contracts TECHNOLGY DEVELOPMENT Internet Web information Integrated Internet sales PROCUREMENT Discount on aircrafts Alliances Outsourced Private Low cost Low cost suppliers Airport agreements Low cost No frills Fast turnaround Reliable service Low cost promotions Free publicity due to controversies Internet sales Limited resources High productivity Inbound logistics Operations Outbound logistics Marketing and sales High productivity RYANAIR VALU CHAIN Ryanair has least infrastructure required for corporate HQ. HRM involves Low cost training, limited crew, control of management, in-house and performance contracts that is done by developing technologically such as internet and low tech marketing on internet sales(McPhee, 2004). The procurement of low cost training is done with discount from Boeing, limited crew procurement involved alliances which result in No frills and low cost operations, management control is outsourced for quicker turnaround and reliable services. Marketing and sales incurs very less expenses as there is more internet sales involvement with little promotion costs, free publicity through controversies and yield management. Performance contracts are low cost productivity based which utilizes the less available productive resources STRENGTHS The Mantra Ever decreasing costs .Point to point flights, No frill policy ,and innovative ancillary schemes led to growth in revenues and thus made Ryanair financially strong and successful Ryanair has a very strong Brand and reputation in the European market, which enables them to adopt aggressive pricing stratergy. Ryanair can credit much of its success to its wily chief executive, Michael OLeary, who has used a combination of Irish blarney and sheer bloody-minded effrontery to achieve growth for his airline(Anon, 2010). He readily faced all the hurdles that came in Ryanairs way and thus with his innovative style converted these controversies it into publicity for Ryanair. Ryanair has the youngest single aircraft Boeing 737-800 fleet which has high seat density and also helped in reduction of maintanace and training costs Secondary and regional airport approach helped Ryanair in maintaining operations in busiest aviation traffic areas and thus reduce airport handling and flight turnover times. Web-based ticketing and check-in have been attracting people as it is time saving and also feasible for them. Ryanair has a huge future because of the untapped market. Lower fares help Ryanair to attract customers who use non-aircraft modes for travelling longer distances. WEAKNESS Customer relationship is very poor. Ryanairs operates from secondary and regional airports, which sometimes are very far away from the actual destination. Ryanair had weak employee relations. As Ryanair is a low cost fare carrier any new tax or charges effects its profits greatly. Ryanair is prone to bad controversial issue in the press, which gives a negative picture about the Brand Ryanair LEADERSHIP Developing Ryanair from the point of closure to the top profit making low fare airline, handling all controversial issues and media, motivating and energising people, facing legal actions and competitors. There is little doubt that OLearys confrontational personality has ruffled more than a few feathers amongst his rivals (Anon, 2004). But for Michael OLeary, any criticisms of him or his airline were looked up as giddy and completely pointless methods to divert Ryanair from its mission. All this is enough to prove that Michael was an efficient and innovative leader with every quality which a modern leader must pursue in order to achieve goals. Conclusion Ryanair by choosing a Low Cost Carrier Approach, have achieved it through simplicity of product design, simplicity of processes and simplicity of organization (Gillen And Lall, 2004). Thus we can see Ryanair have restructured the European markets competitive environment and made an impact on the worlds domestic airlines market, which was monoploised by huge airlines(OConnell and Williams, 2005).